Skill 10 - Adjective Clause Connector / Subject

In Skill 10 we will see that in some cases an adjective clause connector is not just a connector; an adjective clause connector can also be the subject of the clause at the same time.

 

In the first example, there are two clauses: we is the subject of the verb are looking, and that is the subject of the verb is. These two clauses are joined with the connector that. Notice that in this example the word that serves two functions at the same time: it is the subject of the verb is, and it is the connector that joins the two clauses. The adjective clause that is quite expensive describes the noun house.

In the second example, there are also two clauses: house is the subject of the verb seems, and that is the subject of the verb is. In this example, that also serves two functions: it is the subject of the verb is, and it is the connector that joins the two clauses. Because that is quite expensive is an adjective clause describing the noun house, it directly follows house.

The following example shows how these sentence patterns could be tested in the Structure section of the TOEFL test.

Example

______ just dropped off a package for you is my sister.

(A) The woman
(B) The woman who
(C) Because the woman
(D) With the woman

In this example, you should notice immediately that the sentence has two verbs, dropped and is, and each of them needs a subject. The only answer that has two subjects is answer (B), so answer (B) is the correct answer. The correct sentence should say: The woman who just dropped off a package for you is my sister. In this sentence woman is the subject of the verb is, and who is the subject of the verb dropped. Who is also the connector that joins the two clauses?

The following chart lists the adjective clause connector/subjects and the sentence patterns used with them.

EXERCISE 10: Each of the following sentences contains more than one clause. Underline the subjects once and the verbs twice. Circle the connectors. Then indicate if the sentences are correct (C) or incorrect (I).

1. The children that were vaccinated did not get sick. (C)
    Analysis:
    First Clause      : The children did not get sick (correct)
    Second Clause : that were vaccinated (correct)

THAT functions as CONNECTOR  and SUBJECT, too. Verb is WERE.

2. I did not vote for the politician who he just won the election. (I)
    Analysis:
    First Clause      :  I did not vote the politician. (Correct)
    Second Clause :  Who he just won the election (Incorrect)
                               It should be "Who just won the election".

There are double subject: WHO and HE. WHO  functions as CONNECTOR and SUBJECT. WON is Verb. So, remove HE.
                              
3. The dog that barking belongs to my neighbor. (I)
    Analysis:
    First Clause      : The dog belongs to my neighbor (correct)
    Second Clause :  that barking (incorrect).

THAT functions as CONNECTOR and SUBJECT. But IS is missing. The second sentence should be "that is barking".

4. I took two of the blue pills, which were very effective. (C)
    Analysis :
    First Clause      : I took two of the blue pills. (correct)
    Second Clause :  which were very effective (correct)

Which fucntions as CONNECTOR ans SUBJECT, too.

5. We rented an apartment from the landlord who does he own the buildings on Maple Street. (I)
    Analysis  :
    First Clause      :  We rented an apartment from the Landlord. (correct)
    Second Clause :  Who does he own the building on Maple Street. (incorrect)

Who functions as Connector and Subject. Own is VERB. Does and HE should be removed.

The correct sentence is Who owns the building on Maple Street.

6. She forgot to attend the meeting which it began at 11:00. (I)
    Analysis  :
    First Clause     : She forgot to attend the meeting. (correct)
    Second clause : which it began at 11:00. (incorrect)

WHICH fucntions as Connector and Subject, too. began is Verb.
 it should be removed. So, the correct sentence is which began at 11:00.

7. Any student who does not turn in the paper by Friday will fail the class. (C)
    Analysis   :
    First clause      : Any student will fail the class. (correct).
    Second clause : who does not turn in the paper by Friday. (correct).

Who functions as connector and Subject, too. Verb is does not turn in.

8. The people which came in late had to sit at the back. (C)
    Analysis  :
    First clause      : The people has to sit back. (correct)
    Second clause :  which came in late. (correct).

which functions as connector and subject. Verb is came.

9. The courses that satisfy the graduation requirements they are difficult. (I)
   Analysis     :
   First clause      : The course they are difficult. (incorrect)

There are double subjects: the course and they. So, they should be removed. The  correct clause should be the course are difficult.

   Second clause :  that satisfy the graduation requirements. (correct)

10. After dinner she went to visit her parents, who were living down the street. (C).
  Analysis    :
  First clause      : After dinner she went to visit her parents. (correct).
  Scond clause   : who were living in the street. (correct).

Who functions as connector and subject. Verb is are living.

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